Smoke or fire protection device for forming an escape corridor in tunnels

专利摘要:
The invention relates to a smoke or fire protection device (10) for forming an escape corridor (48) in tunnels (58), having a flexible fire protection element (12) which can be brought into a protective arrangement delimiting the escape corridor (48) and into a bearing arrangement and a A plurality of segments (52) which overlap one another at least in pairs, at least when the fire protection element (12) is in the protection arrangement, a receptacle (14) by means of which the fire protection element (12) can be brought automatically from the bearing arrangement into the protection arrangement, and a deflector (22). According to the invention, the receptacle (14) has a deflecting device (22) which is designed to divert the fire protection element (12) so that the fire protection element (12) has in its protective arrangement a roof section (44) of the escape corridor (48) and a side section (46 ) of the escape corridor (48), and has the deflection device (22) has a deflection edge (26) on which the fire protection element (12) rests and which is formed so that the fire protection element (12) when bringing from the bearing assembly into the protective device runs over the deflection edge (26), and the deflection device is at least partially covered by the fire protection element (12).
公开号:AT512071A2
申请号:T504652012
申请日:2012-10-22
公开日:2013-05-15
发明作者:
申请人:Stoebich Brandschutz Gmbh；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

1
The invention relates to a smoke or fire protection device for forming an escape corridor in tunnels according to the preamble of claim 1.
Such a smoke or fire protection device is known from WO 03/092818 A1 and serves to create a safe traffic corridor in a traffic tunnel for people who want to escape from the tunnel. The known smoke or fire protection device comprises a roof made of metal, which may be roofed by a tarpaulin, wherein on the roof a curtain of at least partially transparent strips is attached. In case of fire, the roof pivots out of the bearing assembly in the protective device, so that a Fiuchtkorridor is formed in the toxic gases can not penetrate, since it is charged with fresh air.
From WO 01/02056 A2, a fire protection system for tunnels is known in which flexible smoke protection elements hang from a hood-like roof construction.
A disadvantage of such a system is that only the action of toxic gases on the fugitives can be prevented. Another disadvantage is the complex and maintenance-intensive locking and opening mechanism.
From US 5,829,200 A a device for protecting a building from fire is known. For this purpose, the building has a wrapped fire protection textile that can be pulled over the house by means of ropes.
From FR 2 658 088 A1 a concertina telescopic escape tunnel is known. A disadvantage of such a system is that entry through the side wall of this tunnel is not possible. If, therefore, a fire breaks out in a traffic tunnel, then the system known from the publication would only allow bridging individual sections of the traffic tunnel; persons who are not in the immediate vicinity of an entry would be unprotected.
The invention has for its object to provide a robust smoke or fire protection device that better protects against the influence of the outside through the fictional corridor escaping people.
2
The invention solves the problem by a smoke or fire protection device having the features of claim 1.
An advantage of the inventive solution is that refugees are protected in the escape corridor against high heat. Fire protection elements, such as fire protection textiles, can also effectively shield high temperatures for a relatively long time. It is known that in case of disasters in tunnels, especially traffic tunnels, very high temperatures of over 1000 ° C can occur within a very short time. Since the heat transfer by radiation scales in the fourth power of the temperature, large amounts of heat can be transferred to escaping persons, unless they are shielded by a smoke or fire protection device according to the invention. It is also beneficial that refugees in the escape corridor through the roof section are also protected against heat from above.
A further advantage is that the flexible fire protection element can for example be accommodated on a winding shaft and arranged so that the deflection device is at least partially covered. In case of fire, heat can develop very quickly. If the heat is not detected with sufficient rapidity, the fire protection element at least partially protects the deflection device and possibly also the receptacle, so that the smoke or fire protection device remains functional even if it is triggered too late. In contrast, in the case of a solution from the prior art, it can not be ruled out in the case of many known systems that, in the case of delayed activation and great fire heat, warping of those components occurs by means of which the fire protection elements are to be placed in their protective arrangement. There is a fear that safe functioning can not be guaranteed.
It is also advantageous that the smoke or fire protection device according to the invention does not pose a danger to the fugitives when operated. In known smoke or fire protection devices, it may happen that sheets or metal construction elements are moved into the area in which people are. In the worst case, this can lead to a person being injured, which hinders escape. In the solution according to the invention, only flexible elements move into the area in which fugitives can stay, so that even a collision with a fleeing person can not cause any lasting damage to them.
In the context of the present description, the flexible fire protection element is understood in particular to mean a fire protection textile, that is to say an object made of fibers, for example a woven fabric or a scrim, consisting of a non-combustible, fire-retardant material. For example, the fire protection textile comprises glass fiber and / or metal fiber and / or wires.
The protective arrangement is understood to be that arrangement of the protective element in which the protective element is part of an escape corridor in which people can escape from an accident site in a tunnel. Under the bearing assembly is understood an arrangement in which no escape corridor is formed, but in which the fire protection element is in a compact arrangement in which it disturbs the operation in the tunnel possible little.
In particular, any device by means of which the protective element can be moved and mounted is understood by the receptacle. For example, the receptacle comprises a winding shaft on which the fire protection element is wound up. In order to be able to automatically bring the fire protection element from the bearing arrangement into the protection arrangement, the receptacle preferably comprises a motor. However, it is also possible that the receptacle and the fire protection element are arranged relative to each other, that the fire protection element alone by non-motor influence, for example due to gravity or due to a prestressed spring, from the bearing assembly is movable into the protective device when the smoke or fire protection device activated becomes. This activation can be done for example by a power failure or an active control pulse.
A fire protection element is understood in particular to mean an element which is resistant to a temperature of above 600 ° C. for at least 30 minutes. 4
The roof section of the fire protection element is understood in particular to mean a section of the fire protection element which has at least one horizontal component, so that a person located in the escape corridor is protected against heat from above. The side section of the flight corridor is understood to mean, in particular, a section of the fire protection element which extends at least substantially vertically. By the feature that the side section extends at least substantially vertically, it is understood in particular that an angle to the vertical is smaller than 20 °.
According to a preferred embodiment, the deflection device is automatically brought from a compact position to a projecting position, wherein the deflection device is formed so that it is in the compact position when the fire protection element is in the bearing assembly and that it is in the cantilevered position when the Fire protection element in the protection arrangement is.
Has the smoke or fire protection cover as provided in a preferred embodiment, a housing, the deflection device is preferably enclosed in its compact position of the housing and protrudes in the cantilevered position beyond the then opened housing. If the deflection device is in the cantilevered position, this preferably results in the side section of the fire protection element being at a distance of at least 1.50 m from the nearest wall of the tunnel, so that the escape corridor has a width of at least 1.50 m. It is particularly favorable if the escape corridor is wider, for example has a width of at least 2 m.
Preferably, the deflection device has a Umienkkante where the fire protection element passes from its roof section in its side portion, wherein the order steering edge follows a straight path when the deflection moves from the compact position in the cantilevered position. It can be achieved, for example, by moving the deflecting edge through a scissor mechanism or a telescopic mechanism.
In principle, however, it is also possible for the deflection edge to cover a circular-arc path, wherein this path then preferably extends convexly with respect to a viewing direction from above. In other words, in this case, the deflection device at least locally describes a circular motion that can be defined by a bevel circle having its center point below the height that the deflection edge has in its compact pitch. The advantage of this is that such a movement can be executed purely by gravity without additional energy input.
Follows the order steering edge a straight line path, it may be directed horizontally or upwards, the recording in this case preferably has a force storage, such as a spring. However, the straight path can go down, which has the advantage that the movement can be purely due to gravity. Nevertheless, the recording may include energy storage, so that the movement can be triggered very quickly.
Preferably, the smoke or fire protection cover comprises a housing which at least covers the fire protection element when the fire protection element is in the bearing arrangement. To the feature that the receptacle and the fire protection element are wrapped around, it is understood that receptacle and fire protection element are protected against external influences. For example, the housing encloses the receptacle and the fire protection element, but it is also possible that the housing forms an enclosure together with a wall. Preferably, the housing also surrounds the deflection device.
According to a preferred embodiment, the housing has a stationary housing element and a movable housing element, wherein the movable housing element is spaced from the stationary housing element when the flexible fire protection element is in its protective arrangement and wherein the movable housing element together with the stationary housing element at least the receptacle and the fire protection element wraps when the flexible fire protection element is in its protective arrangement.
It is possible that the smoke or fire protection cover has an extension mechanism for the movable housing element, by means of which the movable housing element can be moved out of its bearing arrangement into an active arrangement. Preferably, this extension mechanism is synchronized with a winding shaft. In particular, the extension mechanism with the same motor can be extended, which also drives the winding shaft.
It is possible that the deflection device is firmly fixed relative to the movable housing element, so that the deflection device moves when the movable housing element moves. For this purpose, the movable housing element preferably comprises webs which engage between adjacent segments of the fire protection element and are fastened to the deflection device. It is advantageous if each part of the housing always, so even if the flexible fire protection element is in its protective arrangement, a minimum distance of 2.5 meters from the escape route background has. This avoids collisions of fugitives with the housing.
According to a preferred embodiment, the stationary housing element and the movable housing element are sealed against each other when the flexible fire protection element is in its protective arrangement. For example, at least one of the housing elements comprises a sealing element. It can be achieved so that the housing is hermetically sealed, so that dust from the road can not penetrate into the housing.
The housing is particularly designed so that even with changes in air pressure, as generated by driving through the tunnel trucks, the housing elements remain sealed against each other. The
In particular, the housing is designed to be resistant to washing brushes used to clean tunnels from the inside. It can be advantageous if the housing has a strictly convex outer contour over at least 50% of its height extent. This facilitates the cleaning.
According to a preferred embodiment, the receptacle comprises a winding shaft, 7 on which the fire protection element is wound in its bearing arrangement. In order to bring the fire protection element from its bearing arrangement in its protective arrangement, the fire protection element is unwound from the winding shaft. It is possible that a motor is provided for this purpose, for example an electric motor. But it is also possible that the winding shaft and the fire protection element are designed so that it is held only when energy in the bearing assembly. This has the advantage that the fire protection element moves automatically in a power failure in the protection arrangement.
Preferably, the smoke or fire protection cover comprises a drive unit which is adapted to perform a method comprising the steps of (i) detecting whether an emergency signal is present and, if so, (ii) driving the winding shaft so that the fire protection element is unwound and (iii) driving the Deflection device, so that this extends. The driving of the winding shaft and the driving of the deflection can be done simultaneously, for example, characterized in that the winding shaft and the deflection device are driven by a common drive and / or coupled together. If no accident signal is detected, the winding shaft and the deflection device remain in the bearing arrangement or the compact position.
According to a preferred embodiment, the deflection device has a drive shaft and a transfer device, by means of which a rotational movement of the drive shaft is convertible into an extension movement of the deflection device, so that the deflection device is movable by rotating the drive shaft from the compact position to the projecting position, wherein the Winding shaft and the drive shaft rotatably coupled to each other. This ensures that when the fire protection element and the deflecting perform a mutually synchronized movement, which ensures that the fire protection element is always process reliable in its protection arrangement. It is favorable if the fire protection element comprises intumescent material. In this case, there is a particularly high thermal resistance, so that refugees are particularly well protected. 8th
According to a preferred embodiment, the receptacle comprises a locking device which holds the fire protection element in its stored state only in a powered state. In a de-energized state, the locking device no longer holds the fire protection element in the bearing assembly. Alone by the influence of gravity and / or passive, that is not electrical, energy storage, the fire protection element enters its protection arrangement when the locking device is in the de-energized state. Alternatively or additionally, it may be provided that the receptacle comprises an electrical energy store, by means of which the fire protection element can be moved into its protective arrangement when the locking device is in the de-energized state.
Preferably, the fire protection element is at least partially translucent, that is, behind the fire protection element arranged objects are at least schematically recognizable. Alternatively or additionally, the fire protection element may be provided with escape route pictograms.
According to the invention, a tunnel, in particular a traffic tunnel which extends along a tunnel extension and which has a tunnel wall which limits the tunnel to the outside, at least one lane for vehicles, at least one escape route and a smoke or fire protection device according to the invention, wherein the flexible fire protection element limited in its protection arrangement, an escape corridor, which runs along the escape route. The escape route can be, for example, a footpath that extends along a roadway. Particularly preferably, the tunnel has an overpressure ventilation shaft, wherein the smoke or fire protection cover is arranged so that the escape corridor of overpressure ventilation shaft can be acted upon with air. For example, an outlet opening of the overpressure ventilation shaft opens in the escape corridor. In case of fire, fresh air is then forced through the overpressure ventilation shaft into the corridor, so that any flue gases that have penetrated into the escape corridor are diluted and / or blown out of the escape corridor. 9
In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It shows
1 shows a smoke or fire protection device according to the invention in cross section, in which the fire protection element is in the bearing assembly,
FIG. 2 shows the smoke or fire protection device according to FIG. 1 in cross section, in which the fire protection element is in the protective arrangement,
FIG. 3 shows a top view of the smoke or fire protection device,
Figure 4 is a schematic view from above of the smoke or fire protection device
FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a tunnel according to the invention,
Figure 6 shows a second embodiment of a smoke or
Fire protection device in cross-section, in which the fire protection element is in the bearing arrangement,
7 shows the smoke or fire protection device according to FIG. 6 in cross section, in which the fire protection element is in the protective arrangement, FIG.
Figure 8 shows a third embodiment of a smoke or fire protection device according to the invention in cross section, in which the fire protection element in the bearing assembly, and
Figure 9 shows the smoke or fire protection device according to Figure 8 in cross section, in which the fire protection element is in the protection arrangement.
Figure 1 shows a smoke or fire protection device 10 according to the invention with a flexible fire protection element 12, which is shown in Figure 1 in its bearing arrangement in which the fire protection element 12 is arranged compact. You too-
10 or fire protection device 10 also includes a receptacle 14, which includes a winding shaft 16 and a winding shaft 18. By means of the winding shaft 18, the winding shaft 16 is fixed to a tunnel wall 20.
The smoke or fire protection device 10 also has a deflection device 22, which has an extension device 24 and a deflecting edge 26 attached thereto. The extension device 24 is formed in the present case by a scissors mechanism comprising a first arm 28 and a second arm 30, which are interconnected by means of a hinge 32. The fire protection element 12 comprises a fire protection textile which is wound onto the winding shaft 16. At a free foot end a trim strip 34 is attached, which is dispensable.
The receptacle 14 comprises a winding shaft motor 36 arranged in the winding shaft 16, by means of which the fire protection element 12 can be unwound from the winding shaft 16 and can be wound on the winding shaft 16. The winding shaft motor 36 is connected via a schematically drawn electrical line 38 with a schematically drawn drive unit 40.
The smoke or fire protection device 10 also includes a housing 42, the housing 14 and the fire protection element 12 einhäust. For this purpose, the housing 42 together with the tunnel wall 20 forms an enclosure of the receptacle 14, the fire protection element 12 and in the present case, the deflection device 22. Figure 1 shows the deflection device 22 in its compact position and the fire protection element 12 in its bearing assembly, in which it Normally, that is, when there is no fire.
Figure 2 shows the smoke or fire protection device 10, in which the fire protection element 12 is in its protective arrangement. It can be seen that the deflection device 22 is in its cantilevered position in which the order deflecting edge 26 is further spaced from the tunnel wall 20 than in its compact position.
In the protective arrangement, the fire protection element 12 forms a roof section 44 in which it extends at an angle of inclination α to the horizontal H. The tilt
11
Angle α is usually greater than 0 degrees, that is, the roof portion 44 is inclined downwardly relative to the horizontal H. However, it is also conceivable that the roof section 44 is inclined at a smaller angle of inclination α, for example, more than -30 ° and thus upwards relative to the horizontal H.
In its protective arrangement, the fire protection textile also forms a side section 46 in which it extends at an angle of inclination α of substantially 90 ° to the horizontal H. However, it is also conceivable that the fire protection element 12 extends in the side portion 46 at an inclination angle α, which deviates from the right angle by, for example, 10 °. Under the fire protection element 12 so an escape corridor 48 is formed.
FIG. 2 shows that, when the protective element 12 is in its protective arrangement, and the housing 42 is opened, a housing flap 50 is folded downwards in this state, it being generally necessary for a lower edge of the housing flap 50 to open in the opened state Minimum distance to the underlying ground, for example, has 2.50 m.
Figure 3 shows a view of the smoke or fire protection device 10 from the side, wherein in the right part of the drawing for ease of understanding schematically once again Figure 2 is located. It can be seen that the fire protection element 12 consists of a plurality of segments 52.1, 52.2,..., Which overlap each other in pairs. FIG. 3 also shows the end strip 34, which may be segmented or continuous.
Figure 4 also shows that the segments are movable so that a passage is possible. Thus, the two segments 52.2 and 52.3 are shown in the condition created by gripping by hand. Due to the resulting gap, a fleeing person can enter the escape corridor 48, which lies behind the fire protection element 12.
FIG. 4 shows a view from above of the smoke or fire protection device 10 according to the invention in the protective arrangement. It can be seen that the segment 12 (reference numbers without counting suffix designate the object as such) are arranged partially overlapping. It can also be seen that the deflection device 22, a plurality of first arms 28, namely the arms 28.1, 28.2, ... and a corresponding number of second arms 30 includes. If the arm angles β change, the deflecting edge 26 moves outward, i. that the distance to the tunnel wall 20 increases.
Figure 4 also shows a roadway 54 for vehicles and an escape route 56, over which people can flee when on the road 54 an accident has occurred
FIG. 5 shows a cross section through a tunnel 58 according to the invention with two smoke or fire protection devices 10.1 and 10.2 according to the invention, wherein it can be seen that the escape corridor 48 which is spanned by the fire protection element 12 can be acted upon by air via an overpressure ventilation shaft 60.
FIG. 6 shows a smoke or fire protection device 10 according to the invention, in which the housing 42 has a stationary housing element 62, which is constructed from the two partial elements 62.1 and 62.2, and a movable housing element 64. The movable housing element 64 surrounds the stationary housing element 64 Housing member 62, the fire protection element 12, if, as shown in Figure 6, in its bearing assembly.
The deflection device 22 comprises a lenkkante 26, for example in the form of a deflection roller, which is attached to the movable housing member 64. The deflection device 22 comprises a plurality of webs, of which the web 66 is located. The webs 66 engage between adjacent segments 52 (see Figure 3) through the fire protection element 12th
The stationary housing member 62 and the movable housing member 64 are sealed against each other. For this purpose, a respective sealing element 68 is arranged on the stationary housing element 62, in the present case on the partial elements 62.1, 62.2. If the housing is closed, the two housing elements 62, 64 are hermetically sealed against each other by means of 13 of the sealing element 68, so that road dust or liquid can not penetrate.
FIG. 7 shows the smoke or fire protection cover 10 in which the deflection device 22 is in the cantilevered position.
FIG. 8 shows a further embodiment of a smoke or fire protection cover 10 according to the invention, in which, in addition to the extension device 24, an extension mechanism 70 is provided for the deflection edge 26, by means of which the movable housing element 64 is automatically movable. The extension mechanism 70, like the extension device 24, comprises a scissor mechanism having two hingedly connected arms. Of course, other designs are conceivable.
Figure 8 shows the smoke or fire protection cover 10, wherein the Umlenkvorrich-device 22 is in the compact position, Figure 9 shows the deflection device 22 in its cantilevered position.
The extension mechanism 70 is coupled to the extension device 24, in the present case in that both are driven by a not shown electric motor. It can be provided that this is coupled to the winding shaft motor, but this is not necessary. This embodiment offers the advantage that no webs are necessary, which reach through the fire protection textile.
Reference numeral 10 smoke or fire protection device 60 overpressure ventilation 12 fire protection element shaft 14 receptacle 62 stationary housing 16 winding shaft element 18 winding shaft postion 62.1,62.2 part element 64 movable housing element 20 tunnel wall 22 deflection device 66 web 24 extension device 68 sealing element 26 To steering edge 28 first arm 70 Extension mechanism 30 Second arm α Inclination angle 32 Joint ß Arm angle 34 End strip H Horizontal 36 Winding shaft motor 38 Line 40 Control unit 42 Housing 44 Roof section 46 Side section 48 Escape corridor 50 Housing flap 52 Segment 54 Lane 56 Escape route 58 Tunnel

权利要求:
Claims (9)
[1]
Claims 1. A smoke or fire protection device (10) for forming an escape corridor (48) in tunnels (58), comprising (a) a flexible fire protection element (12) that - in a protective arrangement in which the fire protection element (12) Escaping corridor (48) limited, and - in a bearing assembly in which the fire protection element (12) is arranged compactly, can be brought and - a plurality of segments (52) which overlap each other at least in pairs, at least when the fire protection element (12) in the protection arrangement, (b) a receptacle (14) by means of which the fire protection element (12) can be brought automatically from the bearing arrangement into the protective arrangement, and (c) a deflection device (22), which automatically moves from a compact position into one projecting position can be brought and - is formed so that the deflection device (22) is in the compact position when the fire protection element (12) is in the bearing assembly, and in the cantilevered position when the fire protection element (12) is in the protective arrangement, characterized in that (d) the receptacle (14) has a deflection device (22) which is designed to divert the fire protection element (12) so that the fire protection element (12) in its protective arrangement, a roof portion (44) of the escape corridor (48) and a side portion (46) of the escape corridor (48) forms, and that (e) the order directing device (22) has a order steering edge (26) on which the fire protection element (12) rests and which is formed so that the fire protection element (12) when bringing from the bearing assembly into the protective arrangement on the order lenkkante (26) runs, and the 16 deflection is at least partially covered by the fire protection element (12).
[2]
2. smoke or fire protection cover (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the order steering edge (26) follows a straight path when the deflection device (22) moves from the compact position in the projecting position.
[3]
3. smoke or fire protection cover (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized by a housing (42) which surrounds at least the fire protection element (12) when the fire protection element (12) is in the bearing assembly.
[4]
4. smoke or fire protection cover (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the housing has a stationary housing member (62) and a movable housing member (64), wherein the movable housing member (64) spaced from the stationary housing member (62) when the flexible fire protection element (12) is in its protective arrangement and wherein the movable housing element (64) together with the stationary housing element (62) surrounds at least the fire protection element (12) when the flexible fire protection element (12) is in its protective arrangement.
[5]
5. smoke or fire protection cover (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the stationary housing member (62) and the movable housing member (64) are sealed against each other when the flexible fire protection element (12) is in its protective arrangement. 17


[6]
6. smoke or fire protection cover (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the receptacle (14) has a winding shaft (16) on which the fire protection element (12) is wound in its bearing arrangement, the smoke or fire protection cover (10). an electrical drive unit (40) arranged to perform a method of the steps. (I) detecting whether an emergency signal is present and, if so, (ii) driving the winding shaft (16) so that the fire protection element (12) is unwound and (iii) driving the deflection device (22) so that it comes into the projecting position.
[7]
7. smoke or fire protection cover (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the winding shaft (16) and the deflection device (22) are synchronized with each other.
[8]
8. smoke or fire protection cover (10) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that (a) the deflection device (22) a drive shaft and a transfer device, by means of which a rotational movement of the drive shaft in an extension movement of the deflection device (22) can be implemented characterized in that the deflection device (22) is movable by rotating the drive shaft from the compact position to the projecting position, and (b) the winding shaft (16) and the drive shaft are rotatably coupled together. 18
[9]
9. tunnel (58), in particular traffic tunnel, which extends along a tunnel extension, characterized by (i) a tunnel wall which limits the tunnel (58) to the outside, (ii) at least one carriageway for vehicles, (iii) at least one escape route and (iv) a smoke or fire protection device (10) according to any one of the preceding claims attached to the tunnel wall, (v) the flexible fire protection element (12) defining in its protection arrangement an escape corridor (48) along the escape route ( 56) runs.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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AT512071B1|2014-09-15|

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DE102011116411A1|2013-04-25|

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法律状态:
2019-06-15| MM01| Lapse because of not paying annual fees|Effective date: 20181022 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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DE102011116411A|DE102011116411A1|2011-10-20|2011-10-20|Smoke or fire protection cover for forming escape corridor in transportation tunnel, has retainer with deflection device, which deflects fire protection element so that element forms roof and sections of corridor in protection arrangement|

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